JLPT N3 Intermediate
に依る
「による」
Indicates cause, means, source, or dependency.
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Other forms
1 Expression
Due to / Because of
Identifies the direct cause or reason for an event, typically in formal or objective contexts.
Example
大雨 に よって 多く の 家 が 被害 を 受け ました 。
Many houses were damaged by the heavy rain.
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2 Expression
By / By means of
Indicates the method, tool, or process used to achieve a result, or the agent in passive constructions.
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3 Expression
Depending on
Expresses that a situation, result, or condition varies corresponding to a specific factor.
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4 Expression
According to
Cites the origin of information or evidentiary basis for a statement.
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