JLPT N1 Advanced
下す
To hand down a decision, give an order, or defeat an opponent.
Readings
Other forms
降す common for "to defeat"
下します polite form
下した past form
下して te-form
1 Verb (transitive)
To make a decision or give an order
Describes the act of finalizing a judgment, ruling, or command, often from a position of authority.
Example
裁判官 は 無罪 の 判決 を 下し た 。
The judge handed down a verdict of not guilty.
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2 Verb (transitive)
To defeat an opponent
Signifies defeating an opponent and forcing them to surrender.
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3 Verb (transitive)
To have diarrhea
Describes the condition of suffering from diarrhea or loose bowels.
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4 Verb (transitive)
To get your hands dirty
Refers to taking direct action oneself, often in contexts involving violence, harm, or decisive execution.
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